tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-153252622024-03-13T06:32:13.385-07:00Legal self-efficacyThis blog is about legal self-efficacy - a concept of distributed legal effectiveness and the experience of finishing my thesis. I am a PhD candidate in Business Administration at Stockholm University and South Stockholm University / Södertörns Högskola, in Stockholm Sweden.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-5938463944939565332009-04-05T14:54:00.000-07:002009-04-05T14:55:17.588-07:00<p>It's always nice to get published, and this article has been waiting in line at ARSP for about a year to get printed so it was nice to finally see it inked</p><p>http://www.steiner-verlag.de/ARSP/ARSP3_09.html</p><p>This article demonstrates the effect of legal self-efficacy on the use of sanctions against defaulting clients. The follow-up Legal self-efficacy and Business Risk is in the pipeline and I hope to have it finalized by next week. I will post it here for those of you eager to know the nature of legal self-efficacy and its effect on businessmens' behavior.</p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-88863578934238146692009-02-10T17:08:00.001-08:002009-03-30T02:36:07.234-07:00<p>The internet is fantastic when it comes to sharing material. I now share all of the six papers so far planned to be part of my thesis you can download them <a href="http://avhandlingfj.diinoweb.com/files/Artiklar%20i%20PDF%20format/">here. </a></p><p>Three papers are about legal self efficacy:</p><p>1. Legal Effectiveness: Theoretical Developments Concerning Legal Transplants. Published in Archiv für Rechts und Sozialphilosophie (4) 2005.</p><p>2. Legal Self-efficacy and Managers' Use of Law. Accepted for publication in Archiv für Rechts und Sozialphilosophie 2009. </p><p>3. The Law Businessman and the Trade Credit Decision. Published in The Uppsala Yearbook of East European Law (2008), p 226-266.</p><p></p><p>The remaining three are on the interrelation between legal rules and capital structure:</p><p>4. Legal Rights Matter: Evidence from Paneld Data on Creditor Protection and Debt. Published in International Finance Review 2008 (9) p. 303-336.</p><p>5. Capital Structure, Legal Rights, and Legal Origin. Presented on numerous conferences in Europea and the US.</p><p>6. The Structure of Ownership in Europe. Presented on numerous conferences in Europea and the US.</p><p>I am currently writing the seventh paper Legal Self-efficacy and the Protection of Property Rights as presented in the abstract below.</p><p>Feel free to download the papers and read them. I welcome your comments!</p><p></p><p></p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-72285032866664474722009-02-09T15:31:00.001-08:002009-02-09T15:32:09.433-08:00Anyone doing research on self-efficacy? I would like to exchange some ideas on this topic. Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-44672444705716949872009-02-09T15:16:00.001-08:002009-02-09T15:30:59.133-08:00<p>My tedious research process: here it is, I might need help to improve it. I am now writing my seventh paper for the dissertation and I am going through this procedure right now.</p><p>1. Find an interesting topic.</p><p>2. Find a theory you like to support</p><p>3. Find empirical support of the theory.</p><p>4. Read all there is to read about the topics involved in the paper. For this paper this step has rendered me reading two strands of literature on Behavioural Law and Economics which I read in October, and the second strand is risk literature. I decided that I should include it since my paper is:</p><p><br />Legal Self-efficacy and the Protection of Property Rights<br /><br />Eastern Europe is plagued by dysfunctional legal systems which don’t seem to provide reliable protection of property rights. Previous research has focused on the improvement of legal institutions such as courts and legal texts to adress this problem. This paper takes another approach to providing reliable protection of property rights in countries with dysfunctional legal systems by devising a new theory of the legal consciousness that applies to managers as the end users of law. The concept is called Legal self-efficacy (LSE). It is a measure of managers’ belief in their ability to use law as a tool for communication when doing business. In this paper I demonstrate that that LSE has a significant and positive impact on managers’ protection of property rights in terms of customer risk and managers’ protection against government nationalisation. The paper devises a new model that shows how LSE is related to a reduction of risk perception in the protection of property rights. The policy implications is that managers can be taught to improve their legal self-efficacy. Reliable protection of property rights in Eastern Europe can be improved by boosting the legal consciousness of managers. LSE is a legal effectiveness in a distributed sense, proving that law is effective only if it is in contact with society.<br /><br />and the paper needs to incorporate a model. I have not done this previously, but I thougth it would be nice to bring something novel to the literature of behavioral law and economics. The paper connects risk literature to my concept LSE (see above).<br /></p><p>5. Make the model look nice and beleivable.</p><p>6. Write the preconditions of the model and all previous research. </p><p>7. Fill in the remainder of the paper including: introduction, presentation of problem, previous research, methodology, hypotheses including tests, results, summary and discussion, possibly even theoretical implications.</p><p>8. Read the paper</p><p>9. Reread the paper</p><p>10. Let someone else read the paper, and at least two more. </p><p>11. Make changes. </p><p>12. Read the paper again. </p><p>13. Make changes. </p><p>14. Read the paper. </p><p>15. Submit to a journal in the proper format.</p><p>Cumbersome? Yes. Any tips?</p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-61710736874788497922009-02-08T15:45:00.000-08:002009-02-09T15:05:11.681-08:00<p>Curious about the interrelationship between law, legal families and debt structure?</p><p>Here's a paper my American colleague and I wrote </p><p>Legal Rights Matter: Evidence from Panel Data on Creditor Protection and Debt published 2008 in volume 9 of International Finance Review. You can download it <a href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1141869">here.</a></p><p>At the outset of writing my thesis, this was what interested me most. However, in 2004-5 I realised that I could use a novel approach to show that it's people's understanding of the law that influences their use of law and decisions concering protection of their property rights. Therefore I decided to study the legal consciousness of the end users of law - entrepreneurs to find that there is a significant effect of legal consciousness on transactional behavior.</p><p>The papers on this issue you cannot download now, I will make them available soon.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-10004260546922432622009-01-30T12:45:00.002-08:002009-02-12T11:48:46.404-08:00<p>Want to do research and publish? - great - get the Why and the How from <a href="http://members.verizon.net/~vze3fs8i/air/airpaper.html">mr Schulman</a></p><p>Can't help laughing from readin this. But then again, it's only research.</p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-13145519501219331642009-01-27T14:32:00.000-08:002009-01-27T15:36:16.355-08:00<p><strong>The simple logic of legal self-efficacy explained in brief</strong></p><p>Here's the argument of my seventh paper. I have written three papers on legal self-efficacy - and in this fourth one I have decided that I need to connect this concept with a discussion of risk. So now I read like ten papers and books on the subject - here are my tentative findings:</p><p>1. Risk is the product of likelihood of an event + consequences of that event. </p><p>2. Subjective risk is the individual's perception of risk and depends on the subjective probability of a particular event or performance of a task and the subjective dealing with the consequences of that event. Objective risk is the risk as measured by independent and recurrent calculations of a similar event. </p><p>3. Self-efficacy is the belief of an individual in his/her own ability to performa certain task. This belief has an effect on the risk perception on that particular task. Therfore the person has a lower subjective risk of the task. In turn, the person is more likely not to shy away from carrying out that task. </p><p>Ergo:</p><p>4. Legal self-efficacy lowers the subjective risk of an individual when making decisions about legal and financial transactions which themselves are a risk.</p><p>Simple enough? I think so. Simple is good. </p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-59090358117782304742009-01-25T13:24:00.000-08:002009-01-25T13:26:35.406-08:00<p>Essays on Legal Self-efficacy and Finance</p><p>This is my latest preliminary title of my thesis. It feels good to have that down. Not too long. Not too short. Not too specific, not too general.</p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-12500761600241919692009-01-25T04:55:00.000-08:002009-02-08T16:55:12.214-08:00<p>Writing a paper?</p><p>The best guide that I have found to help you do this is:</p><p>Kazdin, A. (1995) Preparing and Evaluating Research Reports.Psychological Assessment .Vol. 7, No. 3, 228-237. </p><p>Download it <a href="http://www.educ.ttu.edu/ResearchLab/Writing/Kazdin%20(1995)%20Preparing%20and%20evaluating%20research%20reports.pdf">here </a>(Copyable and downloadable PDF):</p><p>Especially useful is page 232. Read it.</p><p>The most of your time and energy should be spent on the section that brings your novelty - what new findings or theories you bring to your field of research. Then literary review, method, and then introduction and conclusion.</p><p></p><p><br /><br /></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-19310179112328266702009-01-25T04:34:00.001-08:002009-01-25T04:34:49.204-08:00<!-- Begin Motigo Webstats counter code --><br /><a id="mws4592134" href="http://webstats.motigo.com/"><br /><img width="18" height="18" border="0" alt="Free counter and web stats" src="http://m1.webstats.motigo.com/n.gif?id=AEYSBgQT587j5mwBPIDSPFXjbrMA" /></a><br /><script src="http://m1.webstats.motigo.com/c.js?id=4592134&i=2" type="text/javascript"></script><br /><!-- End Motigo Webstats counter code -->Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-60609660376328719262009-01-22T15:50:00.000-08:002009-01-22T16:15:29.598-08:00<p>Self-efficacy as an attitude that tones down risk: sounds interesting?</p><p>A mountain climber(Person MC) that has climbing self-efficacy (CSE) will see the prospect of climbing a mountain less risk than a person without such attitude. This will make the risks involved seem more attainable and the possible consequences of a mishap less threatening. </p><p>But will this attitude affect the risk propensity of the mountain climber when compared to a person without the attitude (normal person NP)? Coudl the risk propensity could very well be the same?</p><p>Well, risk propensity in turn depends on risk perception - a person that sees no risk in prospects will be more risk prone since he sees less subjective risk. But the objective risk may be the same. After all climbing self-efficacy may not enable a person to climb a mountain better than a person without it. The mountain is the same mountain. Are risk perception and risk risk propensity mutually dependent on each other?</p><p>How to measure risk propensity independent of risk perception? Perhaps we can test risp propensity in a situation where MC and NP have the same risk-perception such as crossing a river: the person who dares most with the same risk perception has more risk propensity. </p><p>Risk propensity can lower risk perception so that a person's will perceive less risk when they are prone to try their luck. Or what do you think?</p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com68tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-61926310037765886252009-01-18T16:29:00.001-08:002009-01-18T16:29:47.248-08:00<p>Här förklaras self-efficacy på Youtube</p><p>http://se.youtube.com/watch?v=vdwgdzNn9nc&feature=related</p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-52581118075729155372009-01-18T14:50:00.000-08:002009-01-18T16:08:31.468-08:00<p>Legal self-efficacy: what does it imply?</p><p>Legal self-efficacy is a measure to which degree an individual is comfortable with the use of legal terminology in communication with other people.</p><p>Self-efficacy is a tried and tested theory of psychology, for a lenghthier introduction see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-efficacy</p><p>My theory is an application of Hirschmann's theory of exit-voice-loyalty on law as a means of communication (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit,_Voice,_and_Loyalty). It is also an application of Luhmann's theory of law as a means of communication.</p><p>The concept is a response to the law and economics approach to understanding the interplay between behaviour of businessmen and the law. In two articles LLSC (1997, 1998) assess creditor protection in a number of common and civil law countries. They conclude that common law is more conducice to external finance of firms since it provides better creditor protection. Their approach was followed by a number of similar attempts (Pistor 2000) and similar approaches. My take is that neither Law and Economics nor Legal sociology have developed the right tools for testing the vast array of theories in psychology on businessmens' transaction behavior. The world of neoclassical economics and ration actor theory still rules in Law and Economics. We all know that humans do not possess perfect information and perfect rationality. Humans are subject to bounded rationality and learned heuristics. Humans are plagued by biases and are not able to make Bayesian calculations instantly, some even grasp what this concept means. This is why the Coase theorem doesn't apply to real life as much as we would like to since transaction costs are too high. That's why we can use Legal self-efficacy as this is a risk reduction.</p><p>My concept is used to test businessmen's use of law, granting of trade credit, and private property protection as well as customer structure in the forthcoming dissertation tentively titled "Legal Self-efficacy". It will consist of five to seven papers, four already published and the one I write at present will be submitted for publication.</p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-64678008985447815212009-01-18T10:54:00.000-08:002009-01-18T10:58:25.624-08:00<p>Right now I am writing my seventh and final paper for the dissertation. </p><p>The preliminary title is "Legal self-efficacy and Property Rights". </p><p>It demonstrates that Legal self-efficacy has a positive and significant impact on managers' protection of businesses' property rights.</p><p>I'm wrestling with the final format of this paper - I have decided that it should be written for European Journal of Law and Economics. Let's see if they agree. Not yet, they will have to wait for another two months or so.</p><p></p>Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-49502202962999340372008-06-18T16:31:00.001-07:002008-06-18T16:33:56.359-07:00Hello,<br /><br />well now I am about to wrap my thesis up. Two accepted and two published articles should be more than enough. I run two companies now, one consulting company - focused on Eastern Europe. And a recruitment company.<br /><br />This summer will be good. Trust me.<br /><br />FredrikFredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1176459911872900492007-04-13T03:19:00.000-07:002007-04-13T03:25:22.073-07:00It's springtime again.<br />Time for some catching up with the latest progress.<br />I have one published and four to go. Actually, it may suffice with one more article published. I have changed location to Stockholm University. My friends Lars and Kjell are there, so research becomes more enjoyable.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1155063844577648702006-08-08T12:02:00.000-07:002006-08-08T12:04:04.576-07:00Yep, here' s another one<br /><br /><a href="http://gregmankiw.blogspot.com/">http://gregmankiw.blogspot.com/</a><br /><br />and another one<br /><br /><a href="http://www.rgemonitor.com/blog/setser">http://www.rgemonitor.com/blog/setser</a><br /><br />Good luck!Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1155063686059033392006-08-08T11:57:00.000-07:002006-08-08T12:01:26.070-07:00The life of an academic is wonderful, now that hard working top professors can blog also, not only publish thick books and bright articles. They can communicate with their students and the rest of the academic community. After having read an article in the Economist Aug. 5th to 11th 2006 p. 63 "The invisible hand on the keyboard" I surfed onto the joint blog of Nobel prize winner Gary Becker and one of the top in my field Judge Posner<br /> <a href="http://becker-posner-blog.com/">http://becker-posner-blog.com/</a>.<br /><br />If, and when, I become a professor, I promise you to blog my research results to you so that we can really produce.<br /><br />You like this idea? Great!Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1153614236841615162006-07-22T17:16:00.000-07:002006-07-22T17:23:56.843-07:00The desire to write and research follows a nice solid sine curve. And now in the midst of this30+ C. heatwave I am at the very low of this sinecurve. Luckily, or in the case of Stockholm, Sweden, we will hit another sorry dark period in december- february. The weather alone would make one emigrate to ... let's see San Diego, or Florida maybe. That would be fun.<br />Any one over there needs a person who is into legal sociology and law and economics? No? You need a lawyer? Ok, I'll seee what I can do.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1152916626497716842006-07-14T15:31:00.000-07:002006-07-14T15:37:06.496-07:00No, I am not dead. I have just not posted on this blog for a long time. This summer I babysit 40 goldfish of my friend and colleague while he is at home visiting his parents in July. These fish are nice, I like goldfish. They do not eat each other or other fish. However, I have come to doubt their intelligence. Not too much though, they have the basic Pavlov dog instinct, and have learned that whenever I approach the aquarium they will get food. I wonder what they dream about. They probably don't dream at all. Who knows?<br />I decided that I want my own aquarium. Which fish is the nicest? What is the best fish to have in one´s aquarium?Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1152915590901968932006-07-14T15:09:00.000-07:002006-07-14T15:27:37.270-07:00Yo,<br /><br />this year is election year in Sweden. Did you know that the ruling party, the Social Democrats have ruled for longer and uninterrupted periods than any other party in Europe (with some competition from the Italian Christian Democrats). This is the closest you can get to a one party state. Did you know that neighbouring Norway and Denmark change from left to right wing governments almost every election? Did you know that our prime minister can asssign anybody the head of more than 500 govermental agencies without a single motivation. or job offer. He just appointed his best friend to a top position in a governmental agency. He has absolutely no merits. Did you know that Sweden is a corporativist society of sorts with labour union backing up the left wing parties? Did you know that Sweden is the most heavily taxed country in the world, and yet the people love the government and the left coalition voters want to pay MORE taxes to steal from the rich and get nicer benefits? You dd not know? Well now you do. Cheers to the abolition of the fake welfare state.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1141006419768902662006-02-26T18:11:00.000-08:002006-02-26T18:13:39.770-08:00Yooo,<br /><br />There is nothing like victory, or in my case, the road to victory. It is a golden path, trust me. My victory spells 5. 5 papers. One published, one submitted, (soon the third submitted) and two to submit no later than May. Five papers to get published. Five is victory.<br /><br /><br />5redrikFredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1141006225873645802006-02-26T18:08:00.000-08:002006-02-26T18:10:25.893-08:00Wine anyone?<br /><br />A really cool hobby is wine, check out the TV site <a href="http://tv.winelibrary.com/">http://tv.winelibrary.com/</a>. You get a connoiseur, who knows his stuff.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1135816041873466732005-12-28T16:21:00.000-08:002005-12-28T16:46:51.623-08:00<a href="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/194/1415/1600/JulkortFEng.jpg"><img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://photos1.blogger.com/blogger/194/1415/400/JulkortFEng.jpg" border="0" /></a><br />Time for recreation and relaxation. Here's a word from the pool in the sunbathing Tenerife. This year has been less productive than it could have been, but there is no reason why I can't make it up in less than a month.<br />Writing a dissertation is a process of confusion, clarification and more confursion, uphipp battle and then when you have written some stuff that makes sense, the hill becomess less steep, and life can become bearable, almost livable. My home town Stockholm is engulfed in snow and it will be nice to get back, despite the cold.<br /><br />To all Phd candidates, don't despair, there´s a vacation to be had that will give you inspiration to do what you have to do - finish the job.<br /><br />Your soon-to-be PhD FredrikFredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com19tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15325262.post-1131290076553560192005-11-06T07:01:00.000-08:002005-11-06T07:14:36.566-08:00Hooray,<br /><br />my region of research, Eastern Europe is pulling itself out of poverty. I quote from the World Bank home page.<br /><br />"Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union have witnessed a significant decrease in poverty since the Russian financial crisis of 1998-99. Almost 40 million people moved out of poverty from 1998-2003. Three key factors contributed to poverty reduction: growth in wages, growth in employment, and more adequate social transfers. But poverty and vulnerability persist: more than 60 million people live on less than $2 a day."<br /><br />This is what my research is more or less all about, that these poor countries get a fair chance at a decent living. I am happy. Cheers everybody. Let´s continue working in this same direction.<br /><br />My dissertatino is about legal conditions for growth. It deepens the understanding of this subject. Law, and legal system development has been very much in focus by major organisations, such as the World Bank, WHO, WTO, UN, EBRD etc etc. That's becuse they are so very fundamental, and difficult to get right in a short time span. However, the World Bank report does not focus at all on legal matters, which is not correct. Law matter for growth, a whole lot. The report was more focused on social matters. The shock therapy that Russia went through, was, detrimental, to say the least. And we need to correct those sad mistakes that have led Russians to distrust their government so much. My poor, sad, and loved Russia.Fredrik Jörgensenhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09975653948025367069noreply@blogger.com2